The Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia was adopted on August 1, 2012, marking a significant step towards establishing a stable government after decades of instability. This constitution serves as the supreme law of the land, outlining the structure of the federal government and the rights of its citizens. Somalia is defined as a federal, sovereign, and democratic republic, with Islam as the state religion. The constitution emphasizes principles such as human rights, the rule of law, and social justice, while also promoting a federal system with power sharing among different regions and clans. The Somali Provisional Constitution establishes a parliamentary system of government, with a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of the People. The President acts as the head of state, while the Prime Minister serves as the head of government. The judiciary is independent, ensuring checks and balances across the branches of government. The constitution also mandates a comprehensive review process, which has faced delays but remains crucial for finalizing Somalia's constitutional framework. Despite challenges, the provisional constitution has played a core role in peacebuilding by defining a social contract that aims to accommodate the diverse interests and needs of the Somali people